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 <section id="module-_winreg">
<h1>35.3. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-_winreg" title="_winreg: Routines and objects for manipulating the Windows registry. (Windows)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">_winreg</code></a> — Windows registry access<a class="headerlink" href="#module-_winreg" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="admonition note">
Note
The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-_winreg" title="_winreg: Routines and objects for manipulating the Windows registry. (Windows)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">_winreg</code></a> module has been renamed to <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">winreg</code> in Python 3.
The <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-2to3">2to3</a> tool will automatically adapt imports when converting your
sources to Python 3.
</div>
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.0.
</div>
These functions expose the Windows registry API to Python. Instead of using an
integer as the registry handle, a <a class="reference internal" href="#handle-object">handle object</a> is used
to ensure that the handles are closed correctly, even if the programmer neglects
to explicitly close them.
This module offers the following functions:
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.CloseKey">
_winreg.CloseKey(hkey)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.CloseKey" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Closes a previously opened registry key. The hkey argument specifies a
previously opened key.
<div class="admonition note">
Note
If hkey is not closed using this method (or via <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.PyHKEY.Close" title="_winreg.PyHKEY.Close"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">hkey.Close()</code></a>),
it is closed when the hkey object is destroyed by Python.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.ConnectRegistry">
_winreg.ConnectRegistry(computer_name, key)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.ConnectRegistry" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Establishes a connection to a predefined registry handle on another computer,
and returns a <a class="reference internal" href="#handle-object">handle object</a>.
computer_name is the name of the remote computer, of the form
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">r&quot;\\computername&quot;</code>. If <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>, the local computer is used.
key is the predefined handle to connect to.
The return value is the handle of the opened key. If the function fails, a
<code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">WindowsError</code> exception is raised.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.CreateKey">
_winreg.CreateKey(key, sub_key)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.CreateKey" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Creates or opens the specified key, returning a
<a class="reference internal" href="#handle-object">handle object</a>.
key is an already open key, or one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
sub_key is a string that names the key this method opens or creates.
If key is one of the predefined keys, sub_key may be <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>. In that
case, the handle returned is the same key handle passed in to the function.
If the key already exists, this function opens the existing key.
The return value is the handle of the opened key. If the function fails, a
<code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">WindowsError</code> exception is raised.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.CreateKeyEx">
_winreg.CreateKeyEx(key, sub_key[, res[, sam]])<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.CreateKeyEx" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Creates or opens the specified key, returning a
<a class="reference internal" href="#handle-object">handle object</a>.
key is an already open key, or one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
sub_key is a string that names the key this method opens or creates.
res is a reserved integer, and must be zero. The default is zero.
sam is an integer that specifies an access mask that describes the desired
security access for the key. Default is <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS" title="_winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_ALL_ACCESS</code></a>. See
<a class="reference internal" href="#access-rights">Access Rights</a> for other allowed values.
If key is one of the predefined keys, sub_key may be <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>. In that
case, the handle returned is the same key handle passed in to the function.
If the key already exists, this function opens the existing key.
The return value is the handle of the opened key. If the function fails, a
<code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">WindowsError</code> exception is raised.
</dd></dl>

<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.7.
</div>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.DeleteKey">
_winreg.DeleteKey(key, sub_key)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.DeleteKey" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Deletes the specified key.
key is an already open key, or any one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
sub_key is a string that must be a subkey of the key identified by the key
parameter. This value must not be <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>, and the key may not have subkeys.
This method can not delete keys with subkeys.
If the method succeeds, the entire key, including all of its values, is removed.
If the method fails, a <code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">WindowsError</code> exception is raised.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.DeleteKeyEx">
_winreg.DeleteKeyEx(key, sub_key[, sam[, res]])<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.DeleteKeyEx" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Deletes the specified key.
<div class="admonition note">
Note
The <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.DeleteKeyEx" title="_winreg.DeleteKeyEx"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">DeleteKeyEx()</code></a> function is implemented with the RegDeleteKeyEx
Windows API function, which is specific to 64-bit versions of Windows.
See the <a class="reference external" href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms724847%28VS.85%29.aspx">RegDeleteKeyEx documentation</a>.
</div>
key is an already open key, or any one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
sub_key is a string that must be a subkey of the key identified by the
key parameter. This value must not be <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>, and the key may not have
subkeys.
res is a reserved integer, and must be zero. The default is zero.
sam is an integer that specifies an access mask that describes the desired
security access for the key. Default is <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_WOW64_64KEY" title="_winreg.KEY_WOW64_64KEY"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_WOW64_64KEY</code></a>. See
<a class="reference internal" href="#access-rights">Access Rights</a> for other allowed values.
This method can not delete keys with subkeys.
If the method succeeds, the entire key, including all of its values, is
removed. If the method fails, a <code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">WindowsError</code> exception is raised.
On unsupported Windows versions, <code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">NotImplementedError</code> is raised.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.EnumKey">
_winreg.EnumKey(key, index)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.EnumKey" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Enumerates subkeys of an open registry key, returning a string.
key is an already open key, or any one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
index is an integer that identifies the index of the key to retrieve.
The function retrieves the name of one subkey each time it is called. It is
typically called repeatedly until a <code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">WindowsError</code> exception is
raised, indicating, no more values are available.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.EnumValue">
_winreg.EnumValue(key, index)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.EnumValue" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Enumerates values of an open registry key, returning a tuple.
key is an already open key, or any one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
index is an integer that identifies the index of the value to retrieve.
The function retrieves the name of one subkey each time it is called. It is
typically called repeatedly, until a <code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">WindowsError</code> exception is
raised, indicating no more values.
The result is a tuple of 3 items:
<table class="docutils align-default">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 14%" />
<col style="width: 86%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Index</th>
<th class="head">Meaning</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">0</code></td>
<td>A string that identifies the value name</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">1</code></td>
<td>An object that holds the value data, and
whose type depends on the underlying
registry type</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">2</code></td>
<td>An integer that identifies the type of the
value data (see table in docs for
<a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.SetValueEx" title="_winreg.SetValueEx"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">SetValueEx()</code></a>)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.ExpandEnvironmentStrings">
_winreg.ExpandEnvironmentStrings(unicode)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.ExpandEnvironmentStrings" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Expands environment variable placeholders <code class="docutils literal notranslate">%NAME%</code> in unicode strings like
<a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.REG_EXPAND_SZ" title="_winreg.REG_EXPAND_SZ"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">REG_EXPAND_SZ</code></a>:
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt;&gt;&gt; ExpandEnvironmentStrings(u&quot;%windir%&quot;)
u&quot;C:\\Windows&quot;
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.6.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.FlushKey">
_winreg.FlushKey(key)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.FlushKey" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Writes all the attributes of a key to the registry.
key is an already open key, or one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
It is not necessary to call <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.FlushKey" title="_winreg.FlushKey"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">FlushKey()</code></a> to change a key. Registry changes are
flushed to disk by the registry using its lazy flusher. Registry changes are
also flushed to disk at system shutdown. Unlike <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.CloseKey" title="_winreg.CloseKey"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">CloseKey()</code></a>, the
<a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.FlushKey" title="_winreg.FlushKey"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">FlushKey()</code></a> method returns only when all the data has been written to the
registry. An application should only call <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.FlushKey" title="_winreg.FlushKey"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">FlushKey()</code></a> if it requires
absolute certainty that registry changes are on disk.
<div class="admonition note">
Note
If you don’t know whether a <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.FlushKey" title="_winreg.FlushKey"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">FlushKey()</code></a> call is required, it probably
isn’t.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.LoadKey">
_winreg.LoadKey(key, sub_key, file_name)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.LoadKey" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Creates a subkey under the specified key and stores registration information
from a specified file into that subkey.
key is a handle returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.ConnectRegistry" title="_winreg.ConnectRegistry"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">ConnectRegistry()</code></a> or one of the constants
<a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.HKEY_USERS" title="_winreg.HKEY_USERS"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">HKEY_USERS</code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE" title="_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE</code></a>.
sub_key is a string that identifies the subkey to load.
file_name is the name of the file to load registry data from. This file must
have been created with the <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.SaveKey" title="_winreg.SaveKey"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">SaveKey()</code></a> function. Under the file allocation
table (FAT) file system, the filename may not have an extension.
A call to <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.LoadKey" title="_winreg.LoadKey"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">LoadKey()</code></a> fails if the calling process does not have the
<code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">SE_RESTORE_PRIVILEGE</code> privilege. Note that privileges are different
from permissions – see the <a class="reference external" href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms724889%28v=VS.85%29.aspx">RegLoadKey documentation</a> for
more details.
If key is a handle returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.ConnectRegistry" title="_winreg.ConnectRegistry"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">ConnectRegistry()</code></a>, then the path
specified in file_name is relative to the remote computer.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.OpenKey">
_winreg.OpenKey(key, sub_key[, res[, sam]])<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.OpenKey" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Opens the specified key, returning a <a class="reference internal" href="#handle-object">handle object</a>.
key is an already open key, or any one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
sub_key is a string that identifies the sub_key to open.
res is a reserved integer, and must be zero. The default is zero.
sam is an integer that specifies an access mask that describes the desired
security access for the key. Default is <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_READ" title="_winreg.KEY_READ"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_READ</code></a>. See
<a class="reference internal" href="#access-rights">Access Rights</a> for other allowed values.
The result is a new handle to the specified key.
If the function fails, <code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">WindowsError</code> is raised.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.OpenKeyEx">
_winreg.OpenKeyEx()<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.OpenKeyEx" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The functionality of <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.OpenKeyEx" title="_winreg.OpenKeyEx"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">OpenKeyEx()</code></a> is provided via <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.OpenKey" title="_winreg.OpenKey"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">OpenKey()</code></a>,
by the use of default arguments.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.QueryInfoKey">
_winreg.QueryInfoKey(key)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.QueryInfoKey" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Returns information about a key, as a tuple.
key is an already open key, or one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
The result is a tuple of 3 items:
<table class="docutils align-default">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 87%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Index</th>
<th class="head">Meaning</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">0</code></td>
<td>An integer giving the number of sub keys
this key has.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">1</code></td>
<td>An integer giving the number of values this
key has.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">2</code></td>
<td>A long integer giving when the key was last
modified (if available) as 100’s of
nanoseconds since Jan 1, 1601.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.QueryValue">
_winreg.QueryValue(key, sub_key)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.QueryValue" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Retrieves the unnamed value for a key, as a string.
key is an already open key, or one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
sub_key is a string that holds the name of the subkey with which the value is
associated. If this parameter is <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code> or empty, the function retrieves the
value set by the <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.SetValue" title="_winreg.SetValue"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">SetValue()</code></a> method for the key identified by key.
Values in the registry have name, type, and data components. This method
retrieves the data for a key’s first value that has a NULL name. But the
underlying API call doesn’t return the type, so always use
<a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.QueryValueEx" title="_winreg.QueryValueEx"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">QueryValueEx()</code></a> if possible.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.QueryValueEx">
_winreg.QueryValueEx(key, value_name)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.QueryValueEx" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Retrieves the type and data for a specified value name associated with
an open registry key.
key is an already open key, or one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
value_name is a string indicating the value to query.
The result is a tuple of 2 items:
<table class="docutils align-default">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 15%" />
<col style="width: 85%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Index</th>
<th class="head">Meaning</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">0</code></td>
<td>The value of the registry item.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate">1</code></td>
<td>An integer giving the registry type for
this value (see table in docs for
<a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.SetValueEx" title="_winreg.SetValueEx"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">SetValueEx()</code></a>)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.SaveKey">
_winreg.SaveKey(key, file_name)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.SaveKey" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Saves the specified key, and all its subkeys to the specified file.
key is an already open key, or one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
file_name is the name of the file to save registry data to. This file
cannot already exist. If this filename includes an extension, it cannot be
used on file allocation table (FAT) file systems by the <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.LoadKey" title="_winreg.LoadKey"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">LoadKey()</code></a>
method.
If key represents a key on a remote computer, the path described by
file_name is relative to the remote computer. The caller of this method must
possess the <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">SeBackupPrivilege</code> security privilege. Note that
privileges are different than permissions – see the
<a class="reference external" href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms724878%28v=VS.85%29.aspx">Conflicts Between User Rights and Permissions documentation</a>
for more details.
This function passes NULL for security_attributes to the API.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.SetValue">
_winreg.SetValue(key, sub_key, type, value)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.SetValue" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Associates a value with a specified key.
key is an already open key, or one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
sub_key is a string that names the subkey with which the value is associated.
type is an integer that specifies the type of the data. Currently this must be
<a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.REG_SZ" title="_winreg.REG_SZ"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">REG_SZ</code></a>, meaning only strings are supported. Use the <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.SetValueEx" title="_winreg.SetValueEx"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">SetValueEx()</code></a>
function for support for other data types.
value is a string that specifies the new value.
If the key specified by the sub_key parameter does not exist, the SetValue
function creates it.
Value lengths are limited by available memory. Long values (more than 2048
bytes) should be stored as files with the filenames stored in the configuration
registry. This helps the registry perform efficiently.
The key identified by the key parameter must have been opened with
<a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_SET_VALUE" title="_winreg.KEY_SET_VALUE"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_SET_VALUE</code></a> access.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.SetValueEx">
_winreg.SetValueEx(key, value_name, reserved, type, value)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.SetValueEx" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Stores data in the value field of an open registry key.
key is an already open key, or one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
value_name is a string that names the subkey with which the value is
associated.
type is an integer that specifies the type of the data. See
<a class="reference internal" href="#value-types">Value Types</a> for the available types.
reserved can be anything – zero is always passed to the API.
value is a string that specifies the new value.
This method can also set additional value and type information for the specified
key. The key identified by the key parameter must have been opened with
<a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_SET_VALUE" title="_winreg.KEY_SET_VALUE"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_SET_VALUE</code></a> access.
To open the key, use the <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.CreateKey" title="_winreg.CreateKey"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">CreateKey()</code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.OpenKey" title="_winreg.OpenKey"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">OpenKey()</code></a> methods.
Value lengths are limited by available memory. Long values (more than 2048
bytes) should be stored as files with the filenames stored in the configuration
registry. This helps the registry perform efficiently.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.DisableReflectionKey">
_winreg.DisableReflectionKey(key)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.DisableReflectionKey" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Disables registry reflection for 32-bit processes running on a 64-bit
operating system.
key is an already open key, or one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
Will generally raise <code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">NotImplementedError</code> if executed on a 32-bit
operating system.
If the key is not on the reflection list, the function succeeds but has no
effect. Disabling reflection for a key does not affect reflection of any
subkeys.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.EnableReflectionKey">
_winreg.EnableReflectionKey(key)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.EnableReflectionKey" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Restores registry reflection for the specified disabled key.
key is an already open key, or one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
Will generally raise <code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">NotImplementedError</code> if executed on a 32-bit
operating system.
Restoring reflection for a key does not affect reflection of any subkeys.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.QueryReflectionKey">
_winreg.QueryReflectionKey(key)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.QueryReflectionKey" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Determines the reflection state for the specified key.
key is an already open key, or one of the predefined
<a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">HKEY_* constants</a>.
Returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate">True</code> if reflection is disabled.
Will generally raise <code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">NotImplementedError</code> if executed on a 32-bit
operating system.
</dd></dl>

<section id="constants">
<h2>35.3.1. Constants<a class="headerlink" href="#constants" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
The following constants are defined for use in many <a class="reference internal" href="#module-_winreg" title="_winreg: Routines and objects for manipulating the Windows registry. (Windows)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">_winreg</code></a> functions.
<section id="hkey-constants">
<h3>35.3.1.1. HKEY_* Constants<a class="headerlink" href="#hkey-constants" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT">
_winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Registry entries subordinate to this key define types (or classes) of
documents and the properties associated with those types. Shell and
COM applications use the information stored under this key.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER">
_winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Registry entries subordinate to this key define the preferences of
the current user. These preferences include the settings of
environment variables, data about program groups, colors, printers,
network connections, and application preferences.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE">
_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Registry entries subordinate to this key define the physical state
of the computer, including data about the bus type, system memory,
and installed hardware and software.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.HKEY_USERS">
_winreg.HKEY_USERS<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.HKEY_USERS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Registry entries subordinate to this key define the default user
configuration for new users on the local computer and the user
configuration for the current user.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA">
_winreg.HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Registry entries subordinate to this key allow you to access
performance data. The data is not actually stored in the registry;
the registry functions cause the system to collect the data from
its source.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG">
_winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Contains information about the current hardware profile of the
local computer system.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.HKEY_DYN_DATA">
_winreg.HKEY_DYN_DATA<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.HKEY_DYN_DATA" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>This key is not used in versions of Windows after 98.
</dd></dl>

</section>
<section id="access-rights">
<h3>35.3.1.2. Access Rights<a class="headerlink" href="#access-rights" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
For more information, see <a class="reference external" href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms724878%28v=VS.85%29.aspx">Registry Key Security and Access</a>.
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS">
_winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Combines the STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED, <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_QUERY_VALUE" title="_winreg.KEY_QUERY_VALUE"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_QUERY_VALUE</code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_SET_VALUE" title="_winreg.KEY_SET_VALUE"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_SET_VALUE</code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_CREATE_SUB_KEY" title="_winreg.KEY_CREATE_SUB_KEY"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_CREATE_SUB_KEY</code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_ENUMERATE_SUB_KEYS" title="_winreg.KEY_ENUMERATE_SUB_KEYS"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_ENUMERATE_SUB_KEYS</code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_NOTIFY" title="_winreg.KEY_NOTIFY"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_NOTIFY</code></a>,
and <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_CREATE_LINK" title="_winreg.KEY_CREATE_LINK"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_CREATE_LINK</code></a> access rights.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.KEY_WRITE">
_winreg.KEY_WRITE<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.KEY_WRITE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Combines the STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE, <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_SET_VALUE" title="_winreg.KEY_SET_VALUE"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_SET_VALUE</code></a>, and
<a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_CREATE_SUB_KEY" title="_winreg.KEY_CREATE_SUB_KEY"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_CREATE_SUB_KEY</code></a> access rights.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.KEY_READ">
_winreg.KEY_READ<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.KEY_READ" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Combines the STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ, <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_QUERY_VALUE" title="_winreg.KEY_QUERY_VALUE"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_QUERY_VALUE</code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_ENUMERATE_SUB_KEYS" title="_winreg.KEY_ENUMERATE_SUB_KEYS"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_ENUMERATE_SUB_KEYS</code></a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_NOTIFY" title="_winreg.KEY_NOTIFY"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_NOTIFY</code></a> values.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.KEY_EXECUTE">
_winreg.KEY_EXECUTE<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.KEY_EXECUTE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Equivalent to <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.KEY_READ" title="_winreg.KEY_READ"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">KEY_READ</code></a>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.KEY_QUERY_VALUE">
_winreg.KEY_QUERY_VALUE<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.KEY_QUERY_VALUE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Required to query the values of a registry key.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.KEY_SET_VALUE">
_winreg.KEY_SET_VALUE<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.KEY_SET_VALUE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Required to create, delete, or set a registry value.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.KEY_CREATE_SUB_KEY">
_winreg.KEY_CREATE_SUB_KEY<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.KEY_CREATE_SUB_KEY" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Required to create a subkey of a registry key.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.KEY_ENUMERATE_SUB_KEYS">
_winreg.KEY_ENUMERATE_SUB_KEYS<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.KEY_ENUMERATE_SUB_KEYS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Required to enumerate the subkeys of a registry key.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.KEY_NOTIFY">
_winreg.KEY_NOTIFY<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.KEY_NOTIFY" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Required to request change notifications for a registry key or for
subkeys of a registry key.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.KEY_CREATE_LINK">
_winreg.KEY_CREATE_LINK<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.KEY_CREATE_LINK" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Reserved for system use.
</dd></dl>

<section id="bit-specific">
<h4>35.3.1.2.1. 64-bit Specific<a class="headerlink" href="#bit-specific" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
For more information, see <a class="reference external" href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa384129(v=VS.85).aspx">Accessing an Alternate Registry View</a>.
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.KEY_WOW64_64KEY">
_winreg.KEY_WOW64_64KEY<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.KEY_WOW64_64KEY" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Indicates that an application on 64-bit Windows should operate on
the 64-bit registry view.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.KEY_WOW64_32KEY">
_winreg.KEY_WOW64_32KEY<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.KEY_WOW64_32KEY" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Indicates that an application on 64-bit Windows should operate on
the 32-bit registry view.
</dd></dl>

</section>
</section>
<section id="value-types">
<h3>35.3.1.3. Value Types<a class="headerlink" href="#value-types" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
For more information, see <a class="reference external" href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms724884%28v=VS.85%29.aspx">Registry Value Types</a>.
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.REG_BINARY">
_winreg.REG_BINARY<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.REG_BINARY" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Binary data in any form.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.REG_DWORD">
_winreg.REG_DWORD<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.REG_DWORD" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>32-bit number.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.REG_DWORD_LITTLE_ENDIAN">
_winreg.REG_DWORD_LITTLE_ENDIAN<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.REG_DWORD_LITTLE_ENDIAN" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A 32-bit number in little-endian format.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.REG_DWORD_BIG_ENDIAN">
_winreg.REG_DWORD_BIG_ENDIAN<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.REG_DWORD_BIG_ENDIAN" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A 32-bit number in big-endian format.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.REG_EXPAND_SZ">
_winreg.REG_EXPAND_SZ<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.REG_EXPAND_SZ" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Null-terminated string containing references to environment
variables (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">%PATH%</code>).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.REG_LINK">
_winreg.REG_LINK<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.REG_LINK" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A Unicode symbolic link.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.REG_MULTI_SZ">
_winreg.REG_MULTI_SZ<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.REG_MULTI_SZ" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A sequence of null-terminated strings, terminated by two null characters.
(Python handles this termination automatically.)
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.REG_NONE">
_winreg.REG_NONE<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.REG_NONE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>No defined value type.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.REG_RESOURCE_LIST">
_winreg.REG_RESOURCE_LIST<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.REG_RESOURCE_LIST" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A device-driver resource list.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.REG_FULL_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR">
_winreg.REG_FULL_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.REG_FULL_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A hardware setting.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.REG_RESOURCE_REQUIREMENTS_LIST">
_winreg.REG_RESOURCE_REQUIREMENTS_LIST<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.REG_RESOURCE_REQUIREMENTS_LIST" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A hardware resource list.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.REG_SZ">
_winreg.REG_SZ<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.REG_SZ" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A null-terminated string.
</dd></dl>

</section>
</section>
<section id="registry-handle-objects">
<h2>35.3.2. Registry Handle Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#registry-handle-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
This object wraps a Windows HKEY object, automatically closing it when the
object is destroyed. To guarantee cleanup, you can call either the
<a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.PyHKEY.Close" title="_winreg.PyHKEY.Close"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">Close()</code></a> method on the object, or the <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.CloseKey" title="_winreg.CloseKey"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">CloseKey()</code></a> function.
All registry functions in this module return one of these objects.
All registry functions in this module which accept a handle object also accept
an integer, however, use of the handle object is encouraged.
Handle objects provide semantics for <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">__nonzero__()</code> – thus:
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>if handle:
 print &quot;Yes&quot;
</pre></div>
</div>
will print <code class="docutils literal notranslate">Yes</code> if the handle is currently valid (has not been closed or
detached).
The object also support comparison semantics, so handle objects will compare
true if they both reference the same underlying Windows handle value.
Handle objects can be converted to an integer (e.g., using the built-in
<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#int" title="int"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">int()</code></a> function), in which case the underlying Windows handle value is
returned. You can also use the <a class="reference internal" href="#winreg.PyHKEY.Detach" title="_winreg.PyHKEY.Detach"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">Detach()</code></a> method to return the
integer handle, and also disconnect the Windows handle from the handle object.
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.PyHKEY.Close">
PyHKEY.Close()<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.PyHKEY.Close" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Closes the underlying Windows handle.
If the handle is already closed, no error is raised.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.PyHKEY.Detach">
PyHKEY.Detach()<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.PyHKEY.Detach" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Detaches the Windows handle from the handle object.
The result is an integer (or long on 64 bit Windows) that holds the value of the
handle before it is detached. If the handle is already detached or closed, this
will return zero.
After calling this function, the handle is effectively invalidated, but the
handle is not closed. You would call this function when you need the
underlying Win32 handle to exist beyond the lifetime of the handle object.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.PyHKEY.__enter__">
PyHKEY.__enter__()<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.PyHKEY.__enter__" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="winreg.PyHKEY.__exit__">
PyHKEY.__exit__(\*exc_info)<a class="headerlink" href="#winreg.PyHKEY.__exit__" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The HKEY object implements <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__enter__" title="object.__enter__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">__enter__()</code></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__exit__" title="object.__exit__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">__exit__()</code></a> and thus supports the context protocol for the
<a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#with"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate">with</code></a> statement:
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>with OpenKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, &quot;foo&quot;) as key:
 ... # work with key
</pre></div>
</div>
will automatically close key when control leaves the <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#with"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate">with</code></a> block.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 2.6.
</div>
</dd></dl>

</section>
</section>

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 <h3><a href="../contents.html">Table of Contents</a></h3>
 <ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">35.3. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">_winreg</code> — Windows registry access</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#constants">35.3.1. Constants</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#hkey-constants">35.3.1.1. HKEY_* Constants</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#access-rights">35.3.1.2. Access Rights</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#bit-specific">35.3.1.2.1. 64-bit Specific</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#value-types">35.3.1.3. Value Types</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#registry-handle-objects">35.3.2. Registry Handle Objects</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>

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